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Empires in Wales: From Gruffudd Ap Llywelyn to Llywelyn Ap Gruffudd

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Several Welsh rulers in the eleventh to thirteenth centuries exercised wide supremacies in Wales, but factors in their construction were often deeply ambivalent. Thus violent elimination of rivals and opponents was gradually replaced by trial and imprisonment, or the taking of hostages and sureties, allowing opponents to survive and become the focus of resistance. English support was often crucial, but English involvement might threaten as well as sustain Welsh ascendancies. The increasing need for expert personnel might lead to over-reliance on the ministerial, military and learned elites. The building of Welsh supremacies often provoked resistance from Welsh magnates and communities in areas subjected to new overlords, as demonstrated by case studies of opposition in eastern Wales to the supremacies exercised by the Lord Rhys and Llywelyn ap Gruffudd.

Document Type: Research Article

Publication date: 01 June 2016

More about this publication?
  • Published by the University of Wales Press since its inception in 1960, The Welsh History Review / Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru is the most authoritative journal in its field. This twice-yearly journal is committed to publishing research on Welsh history, from medieval to modern. The internationally-renowned editorial board includes scholars from universities in Wales, the UK, Europe and the United States, whose collective breadth of knowledge contributes to a diverse range of cultural, social, political and economic history.

    Cyhoeddwyd The Welsh History Review / Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru gan Wasg Prifysgol Cymru ers sefydlu'r cyfnodolyn yn 1960. Hwn yw'r cyfnodolyn mwyaf awdurdodol yn ei faes, a'i brif hanfod yw arddangos amrywiaeth eang o feysydd ymchwil ym maes hanes Cymru, o'r canoloesol hyd at y modern. Ar y bwrdd golygyddol, ceir ysgolheigion o brifysgolion Cymru, y Deyrnas Unedig, Ewrop a'r Unol Daleithiau. Adlewyrchir arbenigeddau'r bwrdd yng nghynnwys y cyfnodolyn, sydd yn ymdrin â hanes diwylliannol, cymdeithasol, gwleidyddol ac economaidd.

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